Scientists are mapping out of the weird and chaotic space inside the black holes
Original version From This story Appeared in Quanta Magazine.
At the beginning of the time and center of each black hole is a point of unlimited density called singularity. To discover this enigmas, we know what we know about space, time, gravity and quantum mechanics and apply it to a place where all of those things simply break down. Perhaps there is nothing in the world to challenge the imagination more. Physicists still believe that if they can provide a coherent explanation for what is actually happening in and around, what the revelation will emerge, perhaps what a new understanding of space and time will be made.
In the late 1960s, some physicists believed that singles might be surrounded by an area of deceptive chaos, where space and time grow astonishing and small. Charles Monner of the University of Maryland called it the “Mixmaster World” after what was a popular kitchen appliance line. If an astronaut falls into a black hole, “it can be imagined that it imagines by mixing parts of the astronaut’s body in a way that mixes a mixer or egg and white egg.”
The general theory of Einstein’s relativity, used to describe the gravity of the black holes, uses a single field equation to explain how curves and space material moves. But the equation uses a mathematical course called the tank to hide 16 distinct and intertwined equations. Several scientists, including Missener, invented simple assumptions to allow them to discover scenarios like the Mixmaster Universe.
Without these assumptions, Einstein’s equation could not be analyzed analytically, and even with them was very complex for numerical simulation. Like the home appliances they were named, these ideas came out of the style. “These dynamics are a very general weight phenomenon,” said Garben Eling, a post -doctoral researcher at the University of Edinburgh. “But that’s what crashed from the map.”
In the past few years, physicists with new mathematical tools have revised the chaos around the singles. Their goals are double. One hope is to show that the approximation that Misner and others are made are approximately valid from Einstein’s gravity. Another is to hope that their extremism will be closer to the transcription of generalism in a quantum gravity theory, which has been the goal of physicists for more than a century. As Sean Hartnol of the University of Cambridge said, “It is now time for these ideas to be fully developed.”
Mixmaster’s chaos birthday
Thorne described the late 60s as the “Golden Age” for black hole research. The term “black hole” was only used. In September 1969, during a visit to Moscow, Thorne, a manuscript by Evgeny Lifshitz, obtained a prominent Ukrainian physicist. Along with Vladimir Blainsky and Isaac Khalatnikov, Lefshitz had found a new solution for Einstein’s gravity equations near a singularity, using the assumptions that three of them had invented. Lifshitz was afraid that Soviet censorship would delay the release of the result, because it contradicted the previous proof that he had worked together, so he urged Thorne to share it in the West.
Early black hole models assumed the perfect symmetry that was not found in nature, for example, the star was a complete butter before falling into a black hole, or had no pure electric charge. (These assumptions allow Einstein’s equations to be resolved, in the simplest way, by Carl Schwarzelds shortly after Einstein’s release.) The solution that Belinski, Khalatnikov and Lifschitz are found, which is read as the BKL solution after their beginning, describes what may be used, if possible, In case of conventional outside, it is more than that in one case of this realistic situation. The result was not a smooth stretch of space and time inside, but rather a glamorous sea of space and time of stretching and compression in different directions.
Torurn smuggled the paper to the United States and sent a copy to Myster, who knew he was thinking on the same lines. It turned out that the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union have used the same ideas independently using similar assumptions and various techniques. In addition, the BKL group “used it to solve the biggest unresolved problem of that period in mathematical relativity.” Blainsky, the last survivor of the BKL trilogy, recently said in an email that Mirner’s clear explanation in turn helped him visualize the chaotic situation near the singles that both revealed.
